Relative motion splinting (RMS) is a technique used in hand therapy to optimize functional outcomes and improve range of motion in patients with hand injuries or conditions. This approach involves using a custom splint to immobilize specific joints in a manner that allows other joints to move relative to each other, thereby facilitating better function and healing.
Key Concepts of Relative Motion Splinting:
- Principle: The technique is based on the idea that by controlling the relative motion between joints, and fingers. The splint is designed to promote the movement of one joint with the transfer of bio-mechanical force by marginally limiting the motion of the preceding joint. It also works by levering the power of the other fingers in the hand to push or drive the affected finger.
- Indications: Finger joint stiffness, contractures, or weakness after injuries or surgical interventions. Conditions like flexor tendon injuries, finger dislocations, ligament/capsule injuries, finger fractures, joint replacements, trigger fingers or certain types of arthritis may benefit from relative motion splinting.
- Design: Splints are typically custom-made to fit the patient’s hand and target specific joints. This targeted approach helps in mobilizing the joints
effectively. - Application: The splint is worn for specific periods during the day as prescribed by the therapist. It is safe to wear for all of the waking day and for periods greater than 6 weeks. Can be used during daily activities without great discomfort or functional impedance. It may be adjusted periodically to accommodate changes in the patient’s condition and progress.
- Benefits: – Improved Joint Mobility: Helps in restoring range of motion by targeting specific joints.
– Reduced Pain: By facilitating more natural joint movements, it may help alleviate discomfort.
– Enhanced Functionality: Aids in improving hand function and dexterity over time, by supporting the finger during rehabilitation following an injury or condition. - Therapist’s Role: Hand therapists assess the patient’s needs, design and fit the splint, and provide instructions for its use. They also monitor progress and make necessary adjustments to the splint and therapy plan.
In summary, relative motion splinting is a valuable tool in hand therapy, designed to enhance joint function and mobility by strategical mobilization of specific joints.
Author:
Carla Bingham – Occupational Therapist/Hand Therapist- Gold Coast Hand Therapy